His concept: The letters represent CPU Central Processing Unit , ie the component that is the real brains of a PC in charge of processing the data and determine the potential and the price of a computer.
In recent years, the speed of the PCs gave a great tip, ranging from 600 MHz up to 1 GHz Today, with arrival expected at 1.5 GHz and the price the spark continues to increase, and consequently also increases the cost of equipment. But there is still a detail to clarify: The CPU performance is not only determined by the number of MHzs or GHzs it supports, but also by a number of factors that make key features.
- A CPU performs three basic tasks: Read the data, processes, and records them in memory.
- Speed \u200b\u200bis an important factor but not the only thing that determines whether the operation is correct or not. Other characteristics such as design, are quite important for assessing the performance of the microchip.
- chip to put on your computer depends only on the value you want to give the machine.
Before you understand how a CPU, you should first know what are its components. Central Processing Unit, is comprised of millions of microscopic transistors recorded under a chemical process and photolithography in a polished surface of silicon, a rather small size.
these transistors store electrical charges corresponding to one or zero, forming binary code that computers use to communicate. The groups of transistors are all connected to each other, to store the different values \u200b\u200bof the information, also perform mathematical and logical functions, and the clock support, develop their functions synchronously. In other words, the transistors are responsible for processing all the information.
CPU Processing A CPU processes information stored in the bytes of memory. This information can be data or instructions. A datum is a binary representation of a letter, number, or color, while an instruction tells the CPU to do with that data, ie whether to add it, if you subtract, move, etc.
As mentioned above, the CPU performs three basic operations on data: You can read , processing and write in memory. That is, the CPU needs only four elements for such operations with the data: The instructions , a pointer to the instructions (Instruction Pointer), some records, and the arithmetic logic unit .
- The Instruction Pointer tells the CPU where in memory needs to be located, instruction. The
- Records are temporary storage sites located in the CPU. A record contains data waiting to be processed by any statement, or data that has already been processed, for example, the addition or subtraction of one number, etc.
- The arithmetic logic unit is a kind of calculator that performs mathematical and logical engaged in the instructions.
- A search instructions (fetch) which contains the instructions from RAM or a memory area located on the CPU.
- A instruction decoder, which takes the instruction from the form and moves until the CPU understands. Then determines what steps to comply with that instruction. The
- control unit manages and coordinates all operations of the chip. This lets you know when the arithmetic logic unit to calculate, the search engine when to record a number, and the decoder when to move the figure in a statement. Tracking
The Instruction Pointer directs the seeker instruction (instruction fetch) to locate a memory location containing an instruction. The instruction fetch record and passes it to the decoder, which examines and determines what steps are necessary to continue with it. (A statement may include many steps that need to be implemented in a specific order).
Then the arithmetic logic unit performs the task indicated by the statement: You can add, subtract, or manipulate data in different ways. After the CPU interprets and executes the instruction, the control unit tells you record fetch the next instruction in memory. The process continues, instruction after instruction, to create the results you see on the monitor. That is why a common program like a word processor, is a series of instructions and data.
Then the arithmetic logic unit performs the task indicated by the statement: You can add, subtract, or manipulate data in different ways. After the CPU interprets and executes the instruction, the control unit tells you record fetch the next instruction in memory. The process continues, instruction after instruction, to create the results you see on the monitor. That is why a common program like a word processor, is a series of instructions and data.
To make it all happen synchronously, you need a clock to synchronize all operations. This timing generator controls every action the CPU. Like a metronome, the clock generator sends pulses that set a pace in the CPU. These pulses are measured in millions of cycles per second, or megahertz, a common measure that is measured in processor speed. The more pulses, the faster the CPU. Therefore, if everything works correctly, a 700 MHz CPU would always be faster than a 600 MHz, but sometimes these differences are not as noticeable. Improving
CPU ...
A CPU only needs some basic elements to do their jobs, but their original design has been modified over the years to improve the overall performance, for this we can say that the objective of this reform is quite clear: "Process Data more quickly. "
While looking for ways to expedite the processing of data, chip manufacturers noted that a CPU did not process while looking for an instruction or RAM data. To reduce that period of repose was added within each CPU, a data storage area called cache. In this way, data and instructions can be stored temporarily within the same CPU, reducing the number of queries to the RAM. Affirming
then the idea of \u200b\u200bcache, the manufacturers of the systems included a type of RAM at very high speeds, called Level 2 or L2 cache , located between the first cache and RAM. Thus, a closer approximation to the CPU means an even smaller number of queries to the Ram and faster. Source
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